Lenovo T545 User Manual download pdf (Page 49)

Flame retardants

Flame retardants are present in printed circuit boards, cables, wires,

casings and housings. Their purpose is to prevent, or at least to delay the

spread of fire. Up to 30% of the plastic in a computer casing can consist of

flame retardant substances. Most flame retardants contain bromine or

chloride, and those flame retardants are chemically related to another group

of environmental toxins, PCBs. Both the flame retardants containing bromine

or chloride and the PCBs are suspected of giving rise to severe health effects,

including reproductive damage in fish-eating birds and mammals, due to the

bio-accumulative* processes. Flame retardants have been found in human

blood and researchers fear that disturbances in foetus development may

occur.

The relevant TCO’99 demand requires that plastic components weighing more

than 25 grams must not contain flame retardants with organically bound

bromine or chlorine. Flame retardants are allowed in the printed circuit

boards since no substitutes are available.

Cadmium**

Cadmium is present in rechargeable batteries and in the colour-generating

layers of certain computer displays. Cadmium damages the nervous system

and is toxic in high doses. The relevant TCO’99 requirement states that

batteries, the colour-generating layers of display screens and the electrical

or electronics components must not contain any cadmium.

Mercury**

Mercury is sometimes found in batteries, relays and switches. Mercury

damages the nervous system and is toxic in high doses. TCO’99 requirement

states that batteries may not contain more than 25 ppm (part oer million) of

mercury. It also demands that no mercury is present in any of the electrical

or electronics components concerned with the display unit. Mercury is, for

the time being, permitted in the back light system of flat panel monitors as

there today is no commercially available alternative. TCO aims on removing

this exception when a mercury free alternative is available.

CFCs (freons)

The relevant TCO’99 requirement states that neither CFCs nor HCFCs may be

used during the manufacture and assembly of the product. CFCs (freons) are

sometimes used for washing printed circuit boards. CFCs break down ozone

and thereby damage the ozone layer in the stratosphere, causing increased

reception on earth of ultraviolet light with e.g. increased risks of skin cancer

(malignant melanoma) as a consequence.

Lead**

Lead can be found in picture tubes, display screens, solders and capacitors.

Lead damages the nervous system and in higher doses, causes lead poisoning.

The relevant TCO’99 requirement permits the inclusion of lead since no

replacement has yet been developed.

Environmental

requirements

* Bio-accumulative is defined as substances which accumulate within living organisms

** Lead, Cadmium and Mercury are heavy metals which are Bio-accumulative.

APPENDIX

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Lenovo T545 User Manual Page 49

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